James Kalm visits the exhibition Painting Toward Three Dimensions at Galerie Richard, New York. The show, featuring paintings by Bram Bogart, Ron Gorchov and Takesada Matsutani, was closed due to flooding from Hurricane Sandy.

All three painters move painting beyond two-dimensions. Kalm notes that "The works of both Bogart and Matsutani explore the use of unique painting materials while Gorchov develops a body of work questioning the basic concept of the rectangular flat picture plain."